abstract：:The annual cost of managing migraine totals billions of US dollars. This retrospective economic analysis of a clinical trial comparing subcutaneous dihydroergotamine mesylate (DHE) with subcutaneous sumatriptan in the treatment of acute migraine is appropriate because, although each product has been shown to be effica...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Payne K,Kozma CM,Lawrence BJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this article is to review the literature related to economic outcomes associated with treating allergic rhinitis. A literature review was conducted using 'Medline' and the in-house database of the publishers of this journal for articles published between January 1991 and January 1996. Only 3 cost-outcom...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Kozma CM,Sadik MK,Watrous ML

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most common severe opportunistic infection, and one of the most costly, among people with AIDS. Over 50% of patients experience toxic effects of the major anti-PCP medications- cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and pentamidine. Recently, the US Food and Drug Admi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Zarkin GA,Bala MV,Wood LL,Bennett CL,Simpson K,Dohn MN

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of granisetron in preventing acute nausea and vomiting during the 24 hours following chemotherapy in patients with cancer is equivalent to that of other serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (ondansetron and tropisetron) and similar to or greater than that of conventional antiemetic regimens such as metocl...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Plosker GL,Benfield P

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an effort to control escalating health expenditures, especially in hospitals, many countries are planning or experimenting with prospective budgeting systems. Belgium is no exception and has recently introduced, with some success, limited fixed charges per hospital admission and/or per hospitalisation day for labor...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Closon MC,Crott R,Even-Adin D

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become increasingly popular to carry out cost-effectiveness analyses in economic evaluations of healthcare programmes. Cost-effectiveness analysis is based on the maximisation of the health effects for a given amount of resources. However, many published studies fail to report the results of cost-effectiveness ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Karlsson G,Johannesson M

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scientific reviewing methods were applied to economic studies of influenza vaccination, and an economic model of influenza vaccination was developed from these primary sources. Issues arising from the secondary literature review include the quality of evidence on the effectiveness of the vaccines, the absence of a tra...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Jefferson T,Demicheli V

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Currently, the most important issue in US pharmaceutical policy is probably cost containment. Research into pharmaceutical issues should therefore concentrate on this area. Analysis of changing trends in pharmaceutical expenditures, particularly during the early 1990s, would be a useful starting point. Research into t...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Meyer PR

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germany is in a period of transition with regard to healthcare reform. The number and intensity of cost control interventions increased during the last decade in an attempt to contain healthcare expenditure. The German legislature has implemented long term macroeconomic measures such as contribution rate stability and...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ulrich V,Wille E

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The application of cost-effectiveness methodology is particularly important in widespread diseases such as hypertension. However, because prospective cost-effectiveness analyses comparing different antihypertensive drugs are not currently available, differences in the cost effectiveness of these drugs can only be esti...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Van Bortel LM,Ament AJ

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to demonstrate the cost effectiveness of long term maintenance treatment with citalopram versus standard therapy (defined as short term antidepressant treatment) in patients with major depression in Germany. We chose doxepin, amitriptyline and trimipramine as standard therapy because th...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Nuijten MJ,Hardens M,Souêtre E

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the method of willingness to pay (WTP), this study assesses the value of a new antidepressant, moclobemide, relative to that of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), which have equivalent efficacy but less favourable adverse effect profiles. From a published meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials, we identified...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： O'Brien BJ,Novosel S,Torrance G,Streiner D

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have defined the effect and acceptability of a locally developed general practice programme for the modification of prescribing. This voluntary programme consisted of prescription analysis and feedback, followed by visits from a pharmacist, a therapeutic bulletin on benzodiazepine prescribing, and use of a locally ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ferguson RI,Salmond CE,Maling TJ

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important public health problem all over the world. Vaccination is one way to prevent it, and several strategies can be used depending on endemicity, the main pattern of HBV transmission and the demographic structure of the population. In this study, an economic comparison of 3 ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Antoñanzas F,Garuz R,Rovira J,Antón F,Trinxet C,Navas E,Salleras L

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measuring health-related quality of life in patients with cancer has focused primarily on the development of reliable and valid instruments (questionnaires), and on the effect of chemotherapy in phase III clinical trials. From this research several important lessons have emerged, such as: (i) the need to measure multi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Osoba D

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to compare the cost effectiveness of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid with other antibacterial regimens for prophylaxis of infection after elective abdominal or gynaecological surgery. Data from 21 previously published comparative clinical trials were used to calculate statistical confidence...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Davey PG,Parker SE,Crombie IK,Jaderberg M

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Potential conflict between the goals of the investigators and the sponsors of pharmacoeconomic and clinical research has been well documented. Although there have been efforts to formalise relationships between sponsors and investigators in some areas of clinical research, no set of guidelines or standardised contract...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Schulman KA,Rubenstein LE,Glick HA,Eisenberg JM

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the current climate of cost containment and quality control, nosocomial infection is a worrisome adverse event in hospital care. Hospitalised patients require care for increasingly severe illnesses, and are therefore more susceptible to infection, especially by opportunistic micro-organisms. It is thus necessary to...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Gálvez-Vargas R,Bueno-Cavanillas A,García-Martín M

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Constipation is one of the most common digestive complaints. It is a symptom, not a disease. The subjectivity that this involves means that assessments of clinical epidemiology, socioeconomic costs and pharmacotherapy are difficult, since there is no definition of 'normal' bowel habit. Although constipation can affect...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Passmore AP

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to obtain an appropriate estimate of the excess costs of production losses arising from morbidity in patients with diabetes, we compared the number of sick days and permanently disabled individuals in a diabetic population and the corresponding general population. These comparisons show that the rate of ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Persson U

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a global perspective to the economic consequences of diabetes, which is illustrated in the many publications now being produced on this subject. Because of the higher prevalence of type II diabetes, its impact is greater than that of type I diabetes in both developed and developing countries (but particularly...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Williams R

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacoeconomics identifies, measures, and compares the costs and consequences of pharmaceutical products and services. The cost effectiveness of a pharmacotherapy in a particular indication depends on the molecular configuration of the drug, its safety and efficacy, and local market factors such as the acquisition ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Milne RJ

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to establish the incidence of surgical amputation for critical leg ischaemia in New Zealand, and estimate the hospital, prostheses and indirect costs of this intervention. The cost of amputations was then compared with the cost of treating such patients with iloprost. The study was retr...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Scott HM,Scott WG

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advanced controlled release (CR) dosage forms are relative newcomers to pharmaceutical markets, and few studies relate their efficacy, safety or compliance benefits to economic value. This literature review was undertaken to assess the cost effectiveness of CR dosage forms using such measures as purchase costs, total ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Cramer MP,Saks SR

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the twin concepts of the statistical significance and quantitative importance of observed differences in studies comparing medicines in terms of economic parameters such as cost-effectiveness and measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Central to the design and interpretation of any ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： O'Brien BJ,Drummond MF

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common medical problem costing billions of dollars annually around the world. Since the availability of the first histamine H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine, many economic analyses have been conducted to compare the impact of this drug class on resource consumption. H2-Antagonists h...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Tucker PP,Nash DB

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health reform is currently the predominant health policy issue in the US. It carries profound implications for the pharmaceutical field, including the possibility of price controls that could stifle pharmaceutical research. While policy makers are contemplating alternative approaches to reform, the marketplace for pha...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Meyer PR

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug utilisation in term and preterm neonates (i.e. less than 28 days of age) has been investigated prospectively in 4 clinical studies during the past 10 years. 3880 neonates with a mean gestational age of 34.5 weeks (corresponding birthweight 2280g) were enrolled in these studies. An overview indicates a high prev...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Gortner L

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although decision making about what drugs to include in an institutional formulary appears to lend itself readily to quantitative techniques such as decision analysis and cost-benefit analysis, a review of the literature reveals that very little has been published in this area. Several of the published decision analy...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Schechter CB

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and favourable pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin permit oral treatment of many serious infections which have traditionally necessitated parenteral antibacterial therapy. This has been demonstrated in comparative studies, in which ciprofloxacin was as effective and w...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Balfour JA,Faulds D

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the relief of the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), sprains and strains, sports injuries and menstrual disorders, and have a small role in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in the neonate. In patients with RA, symptom...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Wynne HA,Campbell M

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper economic evaluation involves comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of both costs and outcome. This is difficult for general anaesthesia as there are few alternatives and measurement of outcome is difficult to define. All that is generally available is a cost description of different a...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Rhodes SP,Ridley S

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cost of the development of a new drug product, from concept and synthesis of a new chemical entity to safety and efficacy testing, to the approval process and postmarketing surveillance, has more than quadrupled in the last 20 years. To amortise these costs, the pharmaceutical industry has taken on international ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Kitler ME

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination is an underutilised, low cost and effective method of preventing illness. Cost-effectiveness analysis discloses a beneficial role of influenza vaccination in preventing illness especially in patients over 65 years of age and in high risk patients. In one large study, when 150 million doses of influenza v...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Perez-Tirse J,Gross PA

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Migraine headache is responsible for significantly more healthcare resource and lost labour costs than previously reported. Costs associated with migraine were assessed via a survey conducted in 940 patients, 70% of whom responded. All met the International Headache Society's diagnostic criteria for migraine and had ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Osterhaus JT,Gutterman DL,Plachetka JR

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diseases of the prostate currently represent a major health problem worldwide. As the age of the male population increases in the future, so will the number of patients suffering from these disorders and the cost for treatment increase. Currently, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer are common in ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Amin EA,Amin M

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of the prescribing of psychotropic drugs was carried out at the Psychiatric Hospital of Bahrain. This retrospective study on 60 inpatients of the Long Stay Ward revealed a man:woman ratio of 2.7. 91% of the men and 88% of the women were over 40 years old. 44 of the 60 patients had a diagnosis of schizophre...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： El Hefny F,Al Haddad MK,Mathur V

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct administration of a drug into a vein guarantees bioavailability, i.e. the total amount of drug is fully available to the bloodstream for transport to all areas of the body. What is not ensured is the safety, need and 'value for money' of this route. Few workers would disagree that there is increased morbidity...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Parker SE,Davey PG

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of problems are associated with the operation, quality, costs, and benefits of therapeutic substitution programmes. Adequate communication of procedures, events, and failures are essential features of a safe therapeutic substitution policy. However, case reports of suboptimal therapy and differences in pha...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Levy RA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00